Auxiliary motor for reversing reversible internal-combustion motors.



J. E. H-ESSELMANQ AUXILIARY MOTOR FOR REVERSING REVERSIBLE INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTORS. APPLICATION FILED APR. 24, 1909.

948,730. Patented Feb. 8, 1910.

KNUT JONAS ELIAS HESSELMAN, OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.

AUXILIARY MOTOR FOR REVERSING REVERSIBLE INTERNAL-COMBUSTIGN MOTORS.

crease.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 8, 12112.

Application filed. April 24, 1909. Serial No. 491,902.

the reversing of'the internal combustion motor has been effected by first reversing the distributing mechanism of the auxiliary piston motor, and this has been necessarily done hitherto by shifting links, cams, screwwedges and so on.

Now the present invention has for its object to dispense with these reversing parts and to providea simple construction of the auxiliary piston engine, and to enable the reversing operation -to be effected with greater convenience and reliability.

The invention consists substantially in providing each working space of the auxiliary motor with twd distributing devices each being adapted for starting in one direction, and with an exhaust device having its period or time of operation always at or near the dead center. The distributing devices are connected by suitable duets with a multiple way valve or with a similar de vice by means of which the distributing devices can be placed in conmmnication alternately with a pressure vessel and with the atmosphere. This peculiar combination enables the distributing devices to be arranged with periods or times of operation that are fixed relatively to the various positions of the piston. By this is meant that one of the distributing devices can be set for startingthe motor, say forward, and the other set for starting the motor, say backward.

One form of apparatusembodying the present improvements is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of an auxil iary motor with a multiple valve for reversing shown in section. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the auxiliary motor, and Fig. 3 is-a diagram. 4

In the example shown, 1 and 2 are the,

devices, likewise in the form of slide valves,

5 and 6. Each slide valve consists of two pistons (one for each end of the cylinder) fixed to each other, actuated by an eccentric, 7, mounted on a shaft, 9, driven from the crank shaft, 8, of the motor. The slide valves, 3 and 5, are set for starting the motor, say, forward, and the slide valves, 4 and 6, are set for, starting the motor say, backward.

The slide valves, 3 and 5, are connected by pipes (or ducts) 10, and 11, to one end of the casing, 12, 'of a multiple way valve. The slide valves, 4 and (3, are likewise connected by pipes (or duets) 13 and 14, to the other end of the valve casing, 12. In this casing is a piston valve, 15, which works steam-tight only at its ends against the sides of the valve casing, so as to leave an inter mediate annular space between the valve and the sides of the valve casing. The valve rasing coml'nunicates through a pipe, 16 and valve 17, with a pressure vessel (not shown) and through a valve, 18, with the atmosphere and through a pipe, 19, with a fiushing air vessel (not shown). The valve, 17, is kept normally closed by the pressure in the pressure vessel, and the valve, 18, is normally kept open by a spring, 20. The piston valve, 15, is operated by means of a hand lever, 21, or the like, which actnates by means of a rod, 22, the pal-tor parts of the internal combustion engine that requires or require. reversing.

The exhaust device hereinbefore referred to consists in the example shown of an aperture, 23, in the side of the cylinder, which is uncovered by the piston 24, at each end of its stroke. k

In Fig. 1 the piston valve, 15, is shown in the position which it occupies when the motor is running in the forward direction, in accordance with the hereinbefore stated setting of the slide valves, 3, e, 5, and 6.

I of the auxiliary motor,

The slide valves, a and 5 are communication with the atmosphere through the man tiple-way valve, and the slide valves, 4. and

6 are in connection with the flushing air upper space of air is drawn in until the point, b, is reached where the slide valve closes. A short period of expansion then takes place and continues to the point, a, whereupon the aperture, 23, is uncovered while the piston is passing through the bottom dead center. "When the aperture, 23,- has been closed by the piston at the point, (1, compression takes place until the point, e, is reached whereupon the slide valve opens and the air contained in the cylihder space under discussion is forced into the flushing air vessel, until the slide valve, 4, closes at the point, a, and the slide valve, 3, opens again, and so on. When the main motor is to be started for forwardrunning, the piston valve, 15, is moved a little farther toward the left in Fig. 1, whereby this valve first closes the valve, 18, through the medium of a projection, 24, and a bell crank lever, 25, or equivalent means, and immediately afterward opens the valve, 17, by meansot a projection, 26, and a bell crank lever, 27, or equivalent devices. The slide valves,- 3 and 5, which are set for forward running are now placed in communication with the pressure vessel, while the slide valves, 1 and 6,

remain in communication with the flushing air vessel. The operations in the cylinder spaces of the auxiliary motor are now as folloWs:-Referring to the diagram, Fig. 3; from a to b, admission of pressure fluid by the slide valves, 3 and 5, respectively; from b to 0, expansion; from 0 to d, exhaust of the compressed air; from d to e, compression and from e to a, forcing of air into the flushing air vessel, and so on. As soon as the internal combustion motor is started, the piston valve, 15, is moved back by hand into the position shown in Fig. 1. When it is desired to reverse the motor, the piston valve, 15, is first pushed to the. right until its projection, 28, and lever, 29 (or equivalent de vices) have closed the valve, 18, and its projc'tioh, 30, and lever, 31 (or equivalent devices) ave immediately afterward opened the valve, 17. The slide valves, 4 and 6 have thus "come in communication with the pres sure vessel, whilethe slide valves, 3 and 5, have come in commi'mication with the flushmg ai'i' vessel. The operation of the auxilin motor is then as renown-Refining to he diagram of Fig. 3, admission of the pretermadism through the slide valves, 4 and 6 respectively, from a to e expansion Macao from c to (Z exhaust from (Z to c compression' from c to b; and from b to r1, forcing oi an through the slide valves, 3 and a, re

spectively, into the flushing air vessel, and so on. As soon as the motor has been rehas been started to run backward, the piston valve is moved by hand to the left so as to close the valve, 17, and open the valve, 18, whereby the slide valves, a and 6, are placed in communication with the atmosphere while the slide valves, 3 and 5, remain connected to the flushing air vessel. The operations taking place in the cylinder spaces are then as follows:--l)rawing in of atmospheric air through the slide valves, l and 6, respectively, from a. to c (Fig. 3); expansion from e to d, communication with the atmosphere through the aperture, 23, from (Z to c; compression from c to b and forcing oi? air through the slide valves, 3 and 5, respectively, into the flushing air vessel from 7) to a. v

From the foregoing description it will be seen that the motor can be operated entirely as desired by the aid of the multiple way valve, that is to say without causing or necessitating any alteration in the periods or times of operation of the distriliiuting devices c. in the example shown, the slide valves, 3, a, 5 and 6) of the auxiliary motor relatively to the positions of the piston. The advantage thus gained, is obviously very great, because the devices which have been necessary hitherto for reversing the distributing devices are disadvantageous from an economical as well as from a constructional point of view. For other reasons also it is an advantage to replace such devices by a comparatively simple valve or its equivalent.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. For starting and reversing reversible internal combustion motors, an auxiliary piston motor comprising in combination with a working space, exhaust means having its time of operation always at or near the dead center, two distributing devices each being adapted to start the motor in one direction, and means adapted to place the distributing devices alternately in communication with a pressure vessel and with the atmosphere, for the purpose of enabling the distributing devices to have times of operation that are fixed relatively to the positions of the piston.

2. For starting and reversing reversible internal combustion motors, an auxiliary piston motor comprising in combination with a working space, exhaust means having its time of operation always at or near the dead center, two distributing device's each beiii'g adapted to start the motor in one direction, and means adapted to place the disversed, or

mosphere, and also adapted to be connected tributin devices alternately in communication wit a pressure vessel and with the atwith a flushing air vessel into which air is delivered through one or the other of the distributing devices during normal working and also in starting.

3. For starting and reversing reversible internal combustion motors, an auxiliary piston motor comprising in combination with a c linder having an exhaust aperture in its si e, and a iston of a length to open said aperture in 0th end. positions of thepiston, two distributing devices each being adapted to start the motor in one direction, and means adapted to place the distributing devices alternately in communication with a pressure vessel and with the atmosphere, zubsltlantially as and for the purpose set Ort 4. For starting and reversing a reversibl internal combustion motor having a par that is reversed in reversing the motor, an auxiliary piston motor comprising in combination with a working space, exhaust means having its time of operation always at or near the dead center, two distributing devices each being adapted to start the motor in one direction, means adapted to place the distributing devices alternately in communication with a pressure" vessel and with the atmosphere, and means for actuating" the last named means and connected with the said part 'of the first named motor.

5. For starting and reversing reversible internal combustion. motors, an auxiliary piston motor comprising in combination with a working space, exhaust means having itstime of operation always at or near the dead center, two distributing devices each being adapted to start the motor in one direction, and a multiple-way valve adapted to place the distributing devices alternately in communication with a pressure vessel and with the atmosphere, for the purpose of enabllng the distributing devices to have times of operation that are iix'ed' relatively to the positions of thepiston V 6. For starting-arid reversing a reversible internal combustion motor, an auxiliary piston motor comprising in combination with a working space, exhaust means having its time of operation always at or near the dead center, two distributing devices each being adapted to start the motor in one direction, and a multiple-wayq'valve adapted to place the distributing devices alternately in communication with a pressure vessel and with the atmosphere and also adapted to be connected with aushing air vessel into which air is delivered through one or the other of the distributing devices during normal working and also in starting.

7. For starting and reversing reversible internal combustion motors, an auxiliary piston motor comprising in combination with cylinders having exhaust apertures in their sides, and pistons of a len th to open said apertures in both end positions of the 'pistons, two distributing devices for, each cylinder, each distributin device being adaptedto start the motor in one direction, and a multi le-way valve havin a'casin connected wlth the distributing (Eavices an adapted to be connected, at an intermediate KNUT JONAS ELIAS' HESSllLMAN.

Witnesses:

JOHN DELMAR,

EDWARD DELMAR.

point of its length, with a pressure vessel,- 

